skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Search for: All records

Creators/Authors contains: "Xie, Shuang"

Note: When clicking on a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number, you will be taken to an external site maintained by the publisher. Some full text articles may not yet be available without a charge during the embargo (administrative interval).
What is a DOI Number?

Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.

  1. Free, publicly-accessible full text available May 6, 2026
  2. Digital twins provide a cost-effective means of evaluating performance, predicting network changes, and enhancing network administration and decision-making processes. However, acquiring detailed data for digital twin development remains a challenge due to commercial system constraints. City-scale testbeds, like COSMOS, offer practical solutions, aiding in data collection for modelling of digital twins. In this paper, we utilize data from experiments on the COSMOS testbed to design a digital twin model for the accumulation of gain ripple in cascaded Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). We quantify the gain ripple in terms of its peak-to-valley ratios and identify optimal EDFA combinations. Moreover, we explore the impact of system parameters, and validate the proposed digital model through comparison with experimental results. We show that the differences between the digital twin predictions and experimental results are <0.1 dB. 
    more » « less